:root {
    --off-white: #f7f7f5;
    --graphite: #222222;
    --accent: #00e6c3;
    --muted: rgba(34, 34, 34, .64);
    --line: rgba(34, 34, 34, .18);
    --panel: rgba(247, 247, 245, .72);
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
    margin: 0;
    min-width: 320px;
    color: var(--graphite);
    background-color: var(--off-white);
    background-image: linear-gradient(to right, color-mix(in srgb, var(--graphite) 5%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(to bottom, color-mix(in srgb, var(--graphite) 5%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 1rem 1rem;
    font-family: 'Space Mono', monospace;
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.65;
    text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; }
.serif { font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif; }
.site-shell { overflow: clip; }
.page-width { width: min(100% - 3rem, 1216px); margin: 0 auto; }
.section { padding: clamp(5.5rem, 10vw, 9rem) 0; }
.section-tight { padding: clamp(3.8rem, 7vw, 6rem) 0; }
.eyebrow, .kicker, .tag, .meta, .number, .footnote { font-size: .75rem; letter-spacing: .055em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.eyebrow { color: var(--muted); }
.accent { color: inherit; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.visually-hidden { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }

/* Navigation: intentionally quiet, like the original site. */
.site-nav { position: fixed; inset: 0 0 auto; z-index: 50; padding: 1rem 0; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 94%, transparent); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; backdrop-filter: blur(12px); transition: border-color .25s ease, background .25s ease; }
.site-nav.is-scrolled { border-color: var(--line); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 98%, transparent); }
.nav-inner { width: min(100% - 3rem, 1216px); margin: 0 auto; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; }
.monogram { font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.08rem; letter-spacing: -.08em; }
.nav-links { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 2.25rem); font-size: .78rem; }
.nav-link { position: relative; }
.nav-link::after { content: ''; position: absolute; left: 0; bottom: -.3rem; width: 0; height: 1px; background: var(--accent); transition: width .25s ease; }
.nav-link:hover::after, .nav-link[aria-current='page']::after { width: 100%; }
.menu-button { display: none; padding: .35rem; border: 0; color: inherit; background: transparent; cursor: pointer; }
.mobile-menu { display: none; }

/* Type and entry composition. */
.hero { min-height: min(780px, 100vh); display: grid; align-items: end; padding: 10.5rem 0 5.5rem; }
.hero-inner { position: relative; max-width: 1120px; }
.portrait { position: absolute; top: .35rem; right: 0; display: block; width: clamp(5.75rem, 10vw, 8.2rem); aspect-ratio: 1; overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--graphite); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--accent); }
.portrait img { display: block; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; filter: grayscale(1) contrast(1.05); transition: filter .25s ease, transform .25s ease; }
.portrait:hover img { filter: grayscale(0); transform: scale(1.04); }
.hero h1, .page-hero h1 { max-width: 13ch; margin: .65rem 0 1.6rem; font-size: clamp(3.15rem, 8.2vw, 7rem); letter-spacing: -.085em; line-height: .93; }
.hero-age { display: inline-block; margin-top: .1em; color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--graphite) 66%, transparent); font-size: .57em; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.hero-roles { max-width: 32ch; margin: 0 0 1.45rem; font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2.3vw, 1.78rem); line-height: 1.28; letter-spacing: -.055em; }
.hero-copy { max-width: 52ch; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.6vw, 1.22rem); color: var(--muted); }
.hero-location { margin-top: 2.6rem; font-size: .76rem; letter-spacing: .05em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.scroll-mark { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .7rem; margin-top: 4.5rem; font-size: .73rem; color: var(--muted); }
.scroll-mark::before { content: '↓'; font-size: 1.1rem; color: var(--accent); animation: nudge 2.5s ease-in-out infinite; }
@keyframes nudge { 50% { transform: translateY(.28rem); } }

.section-heading { display: flex; align-items: baseline; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; margin-bottom: clamp(2.7rem, 6vw, 5rem); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); padding-bottom: 1rem; }
.section-heading h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3vw, 2.65rem); letter-spacing: -.07em; line-height: 1; }
.section-heading p { max-width: 40ch; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .86rem; text-align: right; }

/* The work list deliberately has different scales, rather than equal project tiles. */
.work-list { border-top: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.work-piece { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(9rem, .72fr) minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(15rem, 1fr); gap: clamp(1.25rem, 3vw, 3.5rem); padding: clamp(2.2rem, 5vw, 4.3rem) 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.work-piece > * { min-width: 0; }
.work-piece__title { margin: .25rem 0 0; font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3vw, 2.72rem); letter-spacing: -.085em; line-height: .96; }
.work-piece__title a { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: .35rem; }
.work-piece__title a::after { content: '↗'; font-size: .45em; color: var(--accent); opacity: 0; transform: translate(-.15rem, .15rem); transition: opacity .2s ease, transform .2s ease; }
.work-piece:hover .work-piece__title a::after { opacity: 1; transform: translate(0); }
.work-piece__body { font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.45vw, 1.16rem); }
.work-piece__body p { margin: 0; }
.work-piece__body p + p { margin-top: 1rem; }
.work-piece__aside { color: var(--muted); font-size: .8rem; }
.work-piece__aside > * + * { margin-top: 1.1rem; }
.role-line { display: block; color: var(--graphite); font-size: .78rem; font-weight: 700; }
.text-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: .5rem; font-weight: 700; font-size: .82rem; }
.text-link::after { content: '→'; color: var(--accent); transition: transform .2s ease; }
.text-link:hover::after { transform: translateX(.25rem); }
.evidence-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: .55rem .9rem; margin: 1.6rem 0 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; font-size: .77rem; color: var(--muted); }
.evidence-list li { position: relative; padding-left: 1rem; }
.evidence-list li::before { content: '+'; position: absolute; left: 0; color: var(--accent); }

/* Diagrams are labelled as explanatory representations, never imitations of product UI. */
.system-sheet { position: relative; min-height: 0; padding: 1rem; border: 1px solid var(--graphite); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 82%, transparent); }
.system-sheet__caption { display: block; margin: .15rem 0 1.3rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: .66rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.flow { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1.18fr; align-items: center; gap: .65rem; min-height: 13rem; }
.flow-node { border: 1px solid var(--graphite); padding: .85rem .65rem; font-size: .69rem; line-height: 1.35; background: var(--off-white); }
.flow-node strong { display: block; margin-bottom: .3rem; font-size: .72rem; }
.flow-gate { border: 1px solid var(--accent); padding: .9rem .7rem; background: var(--graphite); color: var(--off-white); font-size: .68rem; }
.flow-gate strong { color: var(--accent); display: block; margin-bottom: .35rem; }
.flow-arrow { color: var(--accent); font-size: 1.15rem; }

.research-feature { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(17rem, .95fr); gap: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 6rem); align-items: start; }
.research-feature h3 { max-width: 18ch; margin: .5rem 0 1.5rem; font-size: clamp(1.65rem, 3.5vw, 3.35rem); line-height: .98; letter-spacing: -.08em; }
.research-feature p { max-width: 56ch; }
.research-notice { margin: 1.75rem 0; padding-left: 1rem; border-left: 2px solid var(--accent); font-size: .85rem; color: var(--muted); }
.research-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 1.25rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.figure-card { margin: 0; padding: clamp(1rem, 2.3vw, 1.7rem); border: 1px solid var(--graphite); background: var(--panel); }
.figure-card figcaption { margin-top: 1rem; padding-top: .85rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); }
.chart-title { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1.4rem; font-size: .7rem; }
.bar-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7.75rem minmax(2rem, 1fr) 2.7rem; align-items: center; gap: .7rem; margin: .9rem 0; font-size: .7rem; }
.bar { height: .68rem; overflow: hidden; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--graphite) 9%, transparent); }
.bar > span { display: block; height: 100%; background: var(--graphite); }
.bar-row.binding .bar > span { background: var(--accent); }
.chart-key { display: flex; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1.7rem; font-size: .65rem; color: var(--muted); }
.chart-key i { display: inline-block; width: .6rem; height: .6rem; margin-right: .35rem; background: var(--graphite); }
.chart-key .mint { background: var(--accent); }

.dark-section { background: var(--graphite); color: var(--off-white); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 7%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(to bottom, color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 7%, transparent) 1px, transparent 1px); }
.dark-section .muted, .dark-section .section-heading p { color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 64%, transparent); }
.dark-section .eyebrow, .dark-section .accent { color: var(--accent); }
.dark-section .research-notice { color: var(--accent) !important; }
.dark-section .case-step h3 { color: var(--accent) !important; }
.dark-section .case-step p,
.dark-section .side-note p,
.dark-section .side-note strong,
.dark-section .side-note a { color: var(--off-white) !important; }
.dark-section .section-heading, .dark-section .work-list, .dark-section .work-piece { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 18%, transparent); }
.dark-section .work-piece__aside, .dark-section .evidence-list { color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 62%, transparent); }
.dark-section .role-line { color: var(--off-white); }

/* The theme toggle swaps the paper and ink tokens. Components that use a
   muted text token need an explicit light value on the dark canvas. */
.dark-theme .case-step h3 { color: var(--accent) !important; }
.dark-theme .case-step p,
.dark-theme .artifact-note,
.dark-theme .side-note p,
.dark-theme .side-note strong,
.dark-theme .side-note a { color: rgba(247, 247, 245, .78) !important; }
.dark-theme .artifact-note strong { color: #f7f7f5 !important; }
.dark-theme .page-hero__lede,
.dark-theme .hero-copy,
.dark-theme .eyebrow { color: rgba(247, 247, 245, .72) !important; }

/* Dark mode is a charcoal canvas, not an inverted token swap. Keep every
   secondary content pattern comfortably above the background. */
.dark-theme .muted,
.dark-theme .scroll-mark,
.dark-theme .section-heading p,
.dark-theme .work-piece__aside,
.dark-theme .evidence-list,
.dark-theme .system-sheet__caption,
.dark-theme .research-notice,
.dark-theme .figure-card figcaption,
.dark-theme .chart-key,
.dark-theme .archive-item p,
.dark-theme .archive-item .meta,
.dark-theme .compact-item p,
.dark-theme .timeline-event p,
.dark-theme details.early-details p,
.dark-theme .side-note ul,
.dark-theme .method-table th { color: rgba(247, 247, 245, .72) !important; }
.dark-theme .role-line { color: #f7f7f5 !important; }
.dark-theme .dark-section { background-color: #222; color: #f7f7f5; }
.dark-theme .dark-section .section-heading,
.dark-theme .dark-section .work-list,
.dark-theme .dark-section .work-piece { border-color: rgba(247, 247, 245, .18); }
.dark-theme .dark-section .section-heading p,
.dark-theme .dark-section .work-piece__aside,
.dark-theme .dark-section .evidence-list { color: rgba(247, 247, 245, .7) !important; }

.archive-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(12, 1fr); gap: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--graphite); border-left: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.archive-item { grid-column: span 4; min-height: 16.5rem; padding: 1.45rem; border-right: 1px solid var(--graphite); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--graphite); display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; transition: background .28s ease; }
.archive-item:hover { background: var(--accent); }
.archive-item h3 { margin: .6rem 0 1rem; font-size: 1.52rem; letter-spacing: -.07em; line-height: 1; }
.archive-item p { margin: 0; font-size: .8rem; color: var(--muted); }
.archive-item:hover p { color: var(--graphite); }
.archive-item .meta { color: var(--muted); }

.compact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.compact-item { min-height: 13.5rem; padding: 1.55rem 1.25rem 1.3rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.compact-item + .compact-item { padding-left: 1.25rem; }
.compact-item:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.compact-item h3 { margin: .7rem 0 .85rem; font-size: 1.18rem; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.compact-item p { max-width: 29ch; margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .82rem; }

.principles { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(14rem, .7fr); gap: 4rem; }
.principle-list { border-top: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 22%, transparent); }
.principle { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 3.4rem 1fr; gap: 1rem; padding: 1.8rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 22%, transparent); }
.principle h3 { margin: 0 0 .45rem; font-size: 1.25rem; letter-spacing: -.065em; }
.principle p { max-width: 52ch; margin: 0; font-size: .88rem; }
.principles-aside { align-self: end; padding: 1.5rem; border: 1px solid var(--accent); font-size: .83rem; line-height: 1.65; }
.principles-aside p { margin: 0; }

.timeline { border-top: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.timeline-year { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7rem 1fr; gap: 2rem; padding: 2.2rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.timeline-year > h3 { margin: 0; font-size: 1.4rem; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.timeline-events { display: grid; gap: 1.3rem; }
.timeline-event h4 { margin: 0 0 .25rem; font-size: .92rem; }
.timeline-event p { margin: 0; max-width: 70ch; color: var(--muted); font-size: .84rem; }
details.early-details { margin-top: 2rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
details.early-details summary { cursor: pointer; padding: 1.1rem 0; font-weight: 700; font-size: .83rem; }
details.early-details p { max-width: 72ch; padding-bottom: 1.15rem; color: var(--muted); font-size: .8rem; }

.personal-note { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(9rem, .6fr) 1fr; gap: 2rem; max-width: 750px; padding-top: 1rem; }
.personal-note p { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 2.2vw, 1.65rem); letter-spacing: -.05em; line-height: 1.3; }

.site-footer { padding: 4.5rem 0 2rem; background: var(--graphite); color: var(--off-white); }
.footer-grid { display: flex; align-items: flex-end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; }
.footer-title { max-width: 12ch; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 5vw, 4.1rem); letter-spacing: -.085em; line-height: .95; }
.footer-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-end; gap: .7rem 1.5rem; max-width: 33rem; font-size: .77rem; }
.footer-links a { color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 78%, transparent); }
.footer-links a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.footer-bottom { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 5rem; padding-top: 1rem; border-top: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 18%, transparent); color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 56%, transparent); font-size: .68rem; }

/* Shared project/research pages. */
.page-hero { padding: 11.4rem 0 5rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.page-hero h1 { max-width: 17ch; }
.page-hero__lede { max-width: 58ch; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.35rem); line-height: 1.4; color: var(--muted); }
.page-hero__meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .7rem 1.3rem; margin-top: 2.1rem; font-size: .75rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .045em; }
.page-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(15rem, .75fr); gap: clamp(3rem, 9vw, 9rem); }
.page-grid h2 { margin: 0 0 1.35rem; font-size: clamp(1.45rem, 2.5vw, 2.1rem); letter-spacing: -.07em; line-height: 1; }
.page-grid h3 { margin: 2.3rem 0 .75rem; font-size: 1rem; }
.page-grid p { max-width: 65ch; }
.side-notes { border-top: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.side-note { padding: 1rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: .8rem; }
.side-note strong { display: block; margin-bottom: .25rem; font-size: .69rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em; }
.side-note p, .side-note ul { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); }
.side-note ul { padding-left: 1rem; }
.method-table { width: 100%; margin: 1.8rem 0; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: .78rem; }
.method-table th, .method-table td { padding: .8rem .65rem; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.method-table th { color: var(--muted); font-size: .68rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .045em; font-weight: 400; }
.case-steps { counter-reset: steps; display: grid; gap: 0; margin-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--graphite); }
.case-step { position: relative; padding: 1.15rem 0 1.15rem 3rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.case-step::before { counter-increment: steps; content: '0' counter(steps); position: absolute; left: 0; top: 1.2rem; color: var(--accent); font-size: .75rem; }
.case-step h3 { margin: 0 0 .35rem; }
.case-step p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .84rem; }
.artifact-note { margin: 2.2rem 0; padding: 1rem 1.1rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--off-white) 68%, transparent); color: var(--muted); font-size: .78rem; }
.artifact-note strong { color: var(--graphite); }

#theme-toggle { position: fixed; right: 1rem; bottom: 1rem; z-index: 40; display: grid; place-items: center; width: 2.85rem; height: 2.85rem; padding: .65rem; border: 1px solid var(--graphite); border-radius: 50%; background: var(--off-white); color: var(--graphite); cursor: pointer; box-shadow: 0 2px 12px color-mix(in srgb, var(--graphite) 11%, transparent); }
#theme-toggle:hover { background: var(--accent); }

@media (max-width: 760px) {
    .page-width, .nav-inner { width: min(100% - 2rem, 1216px); }
    .site-nav:has(.menu-button) .nav-links { display: none; }
    .site-nav:not(:has(.menu-button)) .nav-links { gap: .75rem; font-size: .62rem; }
    .menu-button { display: block; }
    .mobile-menu { position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 45; padding: 6.5rem 1rem 2rem; background: var(--off-white); transform: translateX(100%); transition: transform .3s ease; }
    .mobile-menu.is-open { display: block; transform: translateX(0); }
    .mobile-menu nav { display: grid; gap: 1.2rem; font-size: 1.25rem; }
    .mobile-menu .nav-link { width: max-content; }
    .hero { min-height: 44rem; padding-top: 8.5rem; }
    .portrait { position: relative; top: auto; right: auto; width: 5.5rem; margin: 0 0 2rem; }
    .section-heading { display: block; }
    .section-heading p { margin-top: .75rem; text-align: left; }
    .work-piece, .research-feature, .principles, .page-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 1.4rem; }
    .work-piece { padding: 2.5rem 0; }
    .work-piece__aside { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1rem; }
    .work-piece__aside > * + * { margin-top: 0; }
    .evidence-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .archive-item { grid-column: span 12; min-height: 12rem; }
    .compact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .compact-item, .compact-item + .compact-item { min-height: auto; padding: 1.5rem 0; border-right: 0; }
    .principles-aside { margin-top: 1rem; }
    .timeline-year { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .55rem; }
    .personal-note { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: .65rem; }
    .footer-grid, .footer-bottom { display: block; }
    .footer-links { justify-content: flex-start; margin-top: 2rem; }
    .footer-bottom p + p { margin-top: .35rem; }
    .flow { grid-template-columns: 1fr; min-height: 0; }
    .flow-arrow { transform: rotate(90deg); text-align: center; }
    .figure-card { margin-top: 1rem; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: .01ms !important; animation-iteration-count: 1 !important; scroll-behavior: auto !important; transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}